年职称英语考试《综合类》基础语法复习(2)
2015/4/15 14:27:14
来源:年职称英语考试《综合类》基础语法复习(2)
二、名词的数:
重点应了解和掌握以下内容:
1、名词的可数和不可数:
与汉语不同,英语中名词要区分可数与不可数。
笼统地讲,物质名词,如:water(水), iron(铁), wood(木头)等, 和抽象名词,如:democracy(民主), freedom(自由), happiness(幸福)等为不可数。
不可数名词前不能加a (an),后面不能加s (es),这是考试中对此类题目判断的重要依据。
2、以下名词为不可数名词:
news(消息) information(信息)
furniture (家具) equipment(设备)
advice (劝告) weather(天气)
work*(工作) clothing(衣服)
baggage(行李)
work作 "工作" 解释时为不可数名词,"找工作"不能说to find a work, 应为to find a job; work作"着作"、"作品"解时是可数名词,如:Deng Xiaopin's works (邓小平着作)/ a work about Deng Xiaopin (一件关于邓小平的作品);作 "工厂" 解释时,单复数同形:a steel works (一个钢铁厂) / two chemical works(两家化工厂)
实例:
We have a large staff but there ______ in the office.
A. haven't many furnitures
B. aren't many furnitures
C. hasn't much furniture
D. isn't enough furniture
解题思路:根据名词数的概念A、B肯定错,不必考虑;C、D的主要差异是"hasn't"与 "isn't", 句子中有there,说明该句是there be句型,故正确答案为D.题中staff, office 等词与解题无关。
注意辨别句子中斜体词的数及其意义:
There is still much room for improvement. (仍有许多改进的余地)
He has published two important papers on this subject. (他在这个课题上已发表了两篇重要论文。)